Words - Merriam-Webster's Collegiate Dictionary

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Something described as extraneous does not form a necessary part of something else, and may also therefore be considered irrelevant or unimportant (as in “extraneous details”).

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Broadly, cadre can refer to any group of people with a unifying relationship, as in “a cadre of lawyers,” or “a cadre of sportswriters.” More specifically, cadre can also be used for a group of people who are trained in a role or task, and who in turn can train others.

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Shill is an informal word that is used disapprovingly to mean “to talk about or describe someone or something in a favorable way for pay.” It is usually paired with for.

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Someone who is irascible is easily angered and annoyed.

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Pandemonium refers to a situation in which a crowd or mass of people act in a wild, uncontrolled, or violent way because they are afraid, excited, or confused.

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Werewolf refers to a person transformed into a wolf or capable of assuming a wolf's form, especially during the full moon.

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Eldritch describes things that are strange or unnatural, especially in a way that inspires fear. The word is often used as a synonym for eerie.

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Fuliginous is a formal adjective that is synonymous with sooty; it describes things related to, containing, or producing soot. It can also describe things that are figuratively sooty—that is, dark or murky, as in "fuliginous soul"—as well as things that are dark or sooty in color, from crystals and insects to the plumage of some bird species.

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Analogue refers to something that is similar to something else in design, origin, use, etc. In other words, an analogue is analogous to something else.

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To parse something is to to study it by looking closely at its parts. In grammar and linguistics, parse means "to divide (a sentence) into grammatical parts and identify the parts and their relations to each other."

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A maelstrom is a powerful often violent whirlpool that sucks in objects within a given radius. Maelstrom is also often used figuratively to refer to a situation resembling the turbulence of a maelstrom, as when there are a lot of confused activities, emotions, etc.

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Requisite is a synonym of necessary and essential that describes something needed for a particular purpose.

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To terraform something (such as a planet or moon) is to transform it so that it is suitable for supporting human life.

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Cockamamie is an adjective used to describe something ridiculous, silly, or incredible.

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Mien is a literary word that refers to a person's demeanor or appearance, especially as expressive of their attitude or personality.

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Audacious is an adjective used to describe people, or things that people make or do, that are confident and daring, or bold and surprising.

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To suffuse something is to spread over it or fill it, either literally or figuratively. The word suffuse is usually encountered in literary contexts.

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Someone or something described as valorous is marked by courage or heroism.

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A bugbear is a source of dread or irritation; in other words, something that causes problems or annoys people.

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To gravitate is to move, tend to move, or be attracted to or toward someone or something.

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Exigent is a formal word that describes things that need to be dealt with immediately, as well as people who expect significant time, attention, effort, etc. from other people.

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In Greek mythology, Chimera is a fire-breathing monster that has a lion’s head, a goat’s body, and a snake’s tail. In general contexts, chimera can refer to something (such as an aspiration) that exists only in the imagination and is not possible in reality.

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Woebegone describes someone or something that feels or shows great woe, sorrow, or misery.

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A hallmark is a distinguishing characteristic, trait, or feature. Hallmark also refers to a mark or design placed or stamped on something to indicate its origin, purity, or genuineness, as in "sterling silver hallmarks."

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To disabuse someone of something, such as a belief, is to show or convince them that the belief is incorrect.

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Something described as inordinate exceeds reasonable limits; it goes beyond what is considered usual, normal, or proper.

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Laissez-faire refers to an economic policy or doctrine that allows businesses to operate with very little interference from the government. Laissez-faire is also used as an adjective, as in “laissez-faire capitalism,” and often figuratively used to mean “hands-off,” as in “she took a laissez-faire approach to managing her employees.”

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To ransack a place is to search it for something in a way that causes disorder or damage.

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Boilerplate is a noun that refers to standard or formulaic language, a meaning that comes from an earlier meaning still in use: syndicated material supplied to newspapers in matrix or plate form. Boilerplate can also refer to tightly packed snow.

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Scrumptious is an informal word that is usually used as a synonym of delicious, but can also mean “delightful” or “excellent.”